Effects of popular diets on anthropometric and cardiometabolic parameters: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. A score appraising paleolithic diet and the risk of cardiovascular disease in a Mediterranean prospective cohort. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025. Food made us human: Recent genetic variability and its relevance to the current distribution of macronutrients.
Controversial dietary patterns: A high yield primer for clinicians. These include changes in the expression of genes related to the breakdown, or digestion, of starches in grains and lactose in milk. Genetic research has shown that important evolutionary changes continued after the Paleolithic era.These studies have shown that their diets included wild grains. Researchers also have studied microfossils of plants found in the dental remains of Paleolithic humans and Neanderthals. Archaeological researchers have found tools for grinding grains at 30,000-year-old sites - well before the introduction of farming.Diets in early humans were varied because of differences in geography, climate and the availability of food. Many things - not only farming - shaped how human nutritional needs changed.Arguments for a more complex understanding of how our dietary, or nutritional, needs have changed include: Some experts have argued that the idea the paleo diet is based on isn't the full story. One long-term study of self-reported diet patterns showed that closely following either a paleo diet or a Mediterranean diet led to similar drops in cardiovascular risk factors. A Mediterranean diet includes fruits, vegetables, lean meats, fish, whole grains, legumes and low-fat dairy products.Īlso, the potential benefits of a paleo diet may not outweigh the benefits of other healthy diets.
Data from many studies of popular diets showed that a Mediterranean diet was the only one with many benefits without the risk of possible harmful effects. The long-term risks of a paleo diet aren't known. Or the cost of some paleo foods may lead to unintentionally getting less of certain essential nutrients.
For some people, a paleo diet may be too costly. Whole grains, legumes and dairy also are generally more affordable and available than foods such as wild game, grass-fed animals and nuts.
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